If I read one page of Business: The Ultimate Resource per day, I'll be finished by the end of the year.

The year 2008, that is.

Daniel Goleman, author of the book's forward, kindly advised that I don't read it cover to cover. Even if I were to pace myself at a more respectable clip of six pages daily, it would take me two months to finish the Best Practice section of essays.

In another three months, I could complete the Management Checklists and Actionlists. I could knock off the Management Library of book summaries in under two weeks, read the profiles of Business Thinkers and Management Giants in a month, spend another month on the Dictionary, allot three months for the World Business Almanac and then leaf through the Business Information Sources in about five weeks.

Yet by then, I'll have also received a year's worth of monthly upgrades via e-mail.

Perhaps Dr. Goleman is onto something, and that wouldn't be a first for him. The CEO of Emotional Intelligence Services also co-chairs the Consortium for Social and Emotional Learning in the Workplace, based at Rutgers University. He's best known for his books Emotional Intelligence and Working with Emotional Intelligence, both of which were New York Times bestsellers. Recently, I sat down with the psychologist to talk Business.

David Berkowitz: In the introduction to Business: The Ultimate Resource, you make the case for including "business intelligence" among other forms of intelligence that are now studied, ranging from Howard Gardner's breakdown, to the work that you furthered on emotional intelligence. How exactly would business intelligence differ from others that are out there?

Daniel Goleman: It differs in that it's specific to the domain of commerce and business itself. Howard Gardner has made the case quite convincingly that the standard view of intelligence as IQ is much too narrow--that is IQ involves just math/spatial abilities and verbal agility. But he points out that there are other domains where there are other kinds of intelligence that make one a success or a star. Think about sports and dance--he talks about a kinesthetic intelligence. He talked about art or music--each of those domains has its abilities, and the world of commerce I think is one of those domains where some people who may not be particularly gifted in IQ turn out to do stunningly well, and that suggests that there is a set of capabilities which is distinct from IQ which makes people naturals in this domain.

It does of course include some intelligence. It includes emotional intelligence, which I've written about at length. But I think it includes something over and above those that we haven't quite quantified. So the case for business intelligence I think is as strong as for any other, particularly when you consider that an intelligence needs to have an evolutionary reason that we would have selected for it in the first place.

I think the core function of business intelligence in evolution was what we now call survival of the fittest, not in the sense that people usually think of it as tooth and nail competition, but actually in a much more interesting way. Survival of the fittest from an evolutionary point of view means more of your genes get passed on to future generations. In other words, you have more kids and they survive to adulthood and they have more kids, and you can see that what's critical there is the ability to provide. I think that is the evolutionary function that's been the basis of what now can be called business intelligence.

DB: Can business intelligence be taught?

DG: I think the answer is yes and no. Some people have natural abilities, and I don't know if all of those abilities can be taught, but the main components of each can be. There are three domains of ability that are the most relevant. One is cognitive ability. That includes particularly decision making and strategic thinking. The second [domain] is the technical skills--that is, being able to learn specific abilities that are essential to your particular role. Both of those are teachable. The third [domain] is emotional intelligence, which has to do with how you manage yourself and your relationships, and that articulates into competencies like cooperation or persuasion or empathy, adaptability, flexibility, integrity--particular competencies that we've found in extensive research distinguish star performers from those who are just average. And it turns out all of those can be taught. The key is that you have to be highly motivated. If you're not motivated, you're unlikely to learn in any of those areas.

DB: It seems like no matter who you are, where you are, you need to be motivated to learn if you're going to excel.

DG: But the motivation needs to be higher in the domain of emotional intelligence because the learning is slower and takes more practice. With the other two domains, one-trial learning is often sufficient. You can read a book, you can go through a CD or some kind of internet program, or you can go to a weekend course and that's often enough. For emotional intelligence, it's going to take several months of trying out new ways of behaving as situations arise.

DB: Is this being taught in business school, and can it be worked in?

DG: I think that much of the business school curriculum is certainly in this domain--not all of it, by the way, but much of it--to the extent that what you learn in business school actually will be of practical help to you once you're out in the job. Anyone who's been to business school or any kind of school knows that you do come with some tools from school, but the fact is you continue to learn, and there are often very steep learning curves, once you're on the job. Ultimately, most of what you learn that's useful is what you've picked up on the job.

One thing that distinguishes star performers in any domain from those who are just average is their access to expertise. In the 80s, there's a fellow at Carnegie Mellon who used to ask people, "How much of the information or expertise that you need to do your job is in your own head?" And the answer then was about 75%. Now it's about 15%. In other words, we're increasingly dependent on our ability to access. That is where actually this book, Business: The Ultimate Resource, can level the playing field, because it helps everyone have instant access to whatever it is they're going to need to know in the world of business. That's never happened before. It's like the Physicians' Desk Reference for business. Every doctor, at his office, has the PDR because it's the ultimate source on everything. He may not know about the obscure disease you bring in today, but by gosh, he can look it up in a minute. Now we have it for business, finally. It never really existed before.

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ABOUT THE AUTHOR

David Berkowitz (david.berkowitz@icrossing.com) is director of marketing at icrossing (www.icrossing.com).